operation condor in chile

This article appears in the March 25, 2005 issue of Executive Intelligence Review. Documents show that the intelligencia cartel was not content to limit their program to the South American continent but went so far as to send assassination teams (death squads) to several European countries to hunt down their political rivals. Buenos Aires: Lholé-Lumen, 1998. It aimed to persecute and eliminate political, social, trade-union and student activists from Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, Paraguay, Bolivia and Brazil. 35+ YEARS OF FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACTION, FOIA Advisory Committee Oversight Reports, How Pinochet and His Allies Brought Terrorism to Three Continents, released by the National Security Agency in 2015, Learn how Secret Messages are Created Using an Early Encryption Machine, How the CIA used Crypto AG Encryption Devices to Spy on Countries for Decades, Worldwide Espionage Operation with Swiss Company Uncovered, How NSA and GCHQ Spied on the Cold War World, In 1975, former CIA operative Philip Agee published. Buehler, who knew nothing of the secret CIA/BND ownership, was detained and interrogated for nine months and only released after the company paid a ransom of $1 million. Operation Condor. On 25 November 1975—Chilean dictator General Pinochet’s birthday—delegates from Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay secretly met in Santiago, Chile. This extended well beyond Chile's national territory as the military junta played a leading role in the creation and implementation of Operation Condor among their authoritarian counterparts. Calling upon personal testimony and documents released under the Freedom of Information Act, chronicles the life of Henry Kissinger, linking him to events including the war in Indochina and genocide in East Timor. HOW DID IT WORK? The assassination was carried out by agents of the Chilean secret police , and was one among many carried out as part of Operation Condor. Found insideThis book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book explores how the socially disputed period of the Cold War is remembered in today’s history classroom. The Chile Reader makes available a rich variety of documents spanning more than five hundred years of Chilean history. Most of the selections are by Chileans; many have never before appeared in English. Operation Condor Files Reinforce US Contempt for Latin America. (Yes, that Russia!) Condor … Many "disappeared"--theywere … EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION | From 1975 to 1977 military regimes in Brazil,Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile and Argentina rounded up thousands of people whowere suspected of having affiliations with radical leftist movements andput them into concentration camps and secret detention centers. Another internationally acclaimed writer who left Chile is Isabel Allende, author of the bestseller "The House of the Spirits." He used Argentinian, Uruguayan, Paraguayan and Brazilian passports, raising concerns that Operation Condor was not dead. As shocking as it is to learn of assassin teams crossing the Atlantic on missions to eliminate targets within the borders of sovereign European democracies without their consent or foreknowledge, it's even more disturbing to read that many of these same democracies were interested in developing their own versions of Operation Condor. Additionally, this book discusses how the causes of inequality and malaises such as social crime can be eliminated, and more importantly, how the prosperity and economic, social, and human development of the subcontinent (and the world in ... WHAT WAS OPERATION CONDOR? Your browser does not support the audio element, Carlos Osorio interview to Buenos Aires City Radio, The Pinochet File: A Declassified Dossier on Atrocity and Accountability The victims were killed in the context of the Operation Condor repression campaign. The car-bomb assassination plot took place on Embassy Row on September21, 1976. Read more: South American leaders on trial for Condor Plan crimes, Send Facebook Twitter reddit EMail Facebook Messenger Web Whatsapp Web Telegram linkedin. source Operation Condor In a previous deep dive, we explored the role of the USG and CIA in Chile's 1973 military coup and assassination of ... by @v4vapid February 11, 2020, Operation Rubicon Operation Condor Countries Used Crypto AG Devices Without Realizing the CIA Owned the Company, National Security Archive Documents Reveal, Encryption revelations raise questions about U.S. official knowledge of Argentina “dirty war” atrocities, Chile’s Letelier assassination, Southern Cone military dictatorships, Swiss encryption company secretly owned by U.S. and German intelligence agencies, according to records obtained by the German public broadcaster, ZDF and Washington Post, Compiled and edited by Peter Kornbluh and Carlos Osorio, For more information, contact: In the name of the struggle against terrorism, a special operation - code named CONDOR - was conducted in the seventies and eighties in South America. EIGHTEEN YEARS LATER, PINOCHET-ERA HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES STILL WEND THEIR WAY THROUGH CHILE'S COURTS It operated from the mid-1970s to the early 1980s. That “gear,” the documents reveal, came from Crypto AG. Found insideA “smoking gun” book, Badges without Borders offers a new account of the War on Crime, “law and order” politics, and global counterinsurgency, revealing the connections between foreign and domestic racial control. The CX-52 provided by Brazil to Operation Condor members in 1976, is the type of ciphering machine Crypto AG submitted to NSA for testing. Long hidden from public view, Operation Condor was a military network created in the 1970s to eliminate political opponents of Latin American regimes. "Detailing the clandestine campaign of Operation Condor-- a secret military plan implemented in 1975 by six Latin American countries ruled by right-wing military dictatorships to eliminate their political opponents-- this book stands as a ... A national referendum on his political future was planned for October 1988. Books written by authors regarded as bothersome were burnt on the streets. Implicated in over 300 criminal charges, a final verdict wasn't reached by the International Criminal Court before Augusto Pinochet's death at the age of 91, on December 10, 2006. source Legendary American investigative journalist Robert Parry reported on the CIA's knowledge of Operation Condor in 2011 stating that: consortiumnews.com | Mobile version, Ex-Ford executives on trial for aiding 1970s dictatorship torture, South American leaders on trial for Condor Plan crimes, former soldiers have already been sentenced, Chile arrests former Pinochet aide over alleged human rights abuses. 1973: Fall of Allende, rise of Pinochet in Chile. Operation Condor was the name given to a secret union of intelligence services of six US-supported, South American military governments- Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay, which operated during the 1970s into the early 1980s. February 11, 2020, Worldwide Espionage Operation with Swiss Company UncoveredSRF Pinochet and Chile were heavily involved in Operation Condor, a collaborative effort among the governments of Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Uruguay to control The trial against participants of Operation Condor started in 2015 in Italy. Song writer Victor Jara was arrested, tortured and shot to death in a basketball stadium in Santiago. The crimes were committed under Operation Condor — a secret campaign to wipe out the opposition. April 12, 2010. Letelier had come to Washington after his imprisonment and torture at the hands of the military junta. ISSN 0718-2376. February 11, 2020, "Operation 'Rubicon'" The joint operations were known as Operation Condor. Explains how Pinochet took advantage of a stunted Chilean economy and how he used the backing of U.S. anti-communism to transform Chile into a brutal dictatorship Dictators in Uruguay, Chile, Paraguay, Brazil, and Argentina killed opponents in the 1970s and 80s under the plan, also known as Operation Condor. On September 21st 1976, a car bomb exploded at Sheridan Circle in Washington DC killing former Chilean minister Orlando Letelier and his young American assistant Ronni Moffitt. Operation Condor war eine multinationale verdeckte Operation der rechtsgerichteten Militärdiktaturen in Argentinien, Chile, Paraguay, Uruguay, Bolivien und Brasilien in den 70er und 80er Jahren. Chilean artists, writers and intellectuals were also persecuted. The company, founded in the 1930s by Swedish inventor, Boris Hagelin, already had a longstanding “gentlemen's understanding” with the National Security Agency dating back to the early 1950s, according to the Post report. Privacy Policy | The 7,543 ha Rubi project is located within the prolific Paleocene age porphyry belt of northern Chile, which is host to a number of significant, currently producing porphyry Cu deposits. consortiumnews.com While it is explicitly known that the governments of Chile, Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Brazil were all guilty of participating in Operation Condor, the United States’ apparent knowledge of the program is quite disturbing. The dictatorship continues to haunt the country, but at least people can now demonstrate for change. In this study of the roots of Operation Condor, I track the development of this unusual military alliance forged by six Southern Cone governments (Chile, Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Uruguay, and Paraguay) during the 1970s, as well as the push-and-pull relationship between the transnational migration of political militants and the military’s impetus for … But is violence hard-wired into Latin America? This is a critical reassessment of the ways in which violence in Latin America is addressed and understood. by Jacob G. Hornberger. At the end of the meeting, held in Augusto Pinochet’s capital in November 1975, the delegates from Chile, Bolivia, Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay signed up for a new transnational repressive system, named Condor in honor of the bird symbolizing the host country. The use of those devices provided the CIA and the National Security Agency with the ability to decrypt thousands of messages, potentially covering a range of dramatic historical episodes, among them: the 1973 military coup in Chile; the 1976 military coup in Argentina; the car bomb assassination of Orlando Letelier and Ronni Moffitt in Washington D.C. in September 1976; the terrorist bombing of a Cubana airliner off the coast of Barbados in October 1976; the Sandinista revolution and the contra war in Nicaragua which the Argentine security forces covertly supported; and 1982 Falklands war between Argentina and Great Britain, among many others. Legal notice | He died on December 10th 2006. The machine is similar in appearance to an old cash register which has numbers, slide handles, and a manually operated dial on the side which is turned after each entry.”According to William Friedman’s tour report [see Document 6 below], Boris Hagelin sent machines similar to the CX52 to the NSA for testing. As the chapters in this book illustrate, these technological transfers have taken various forms, including the training of Latin American military personnel in surveillance and torture and the provision of political and logistic support for ... Three friends are part of an opposition group in the chaotic Chile of the early 70's and together commit a political crime that changes the history of the country and incidentally involves them in a betrayal that separates them forever. “[I]n late 1977, Argentina provided Hagelin Crypto H-4605 equipment to Condortel to enhance the security of its teletype nets.” “Communications for operations in Latin America are to be provided by Condortel facilities. His story is told in the DW special feature, "After the Escape.". These were just some of the most prized scalps claimed by Operation Condor, officially inaugurated forty-five years and two days ago. Operation Condor was a secret agreement between the military dictatorships of the Southern Cone in the 1970s, with the knowledge of the CIA. The media coverage and court records generated significant attention to the unverified ties between the German and US intelligence services and Crypto AG. The photo above shows soldiers and firefighters carrying his body from the presidential palace. This model is, of course easier to solve than the new models.”This report is part of a trove of more than 52,000 pages of Friedman’s personal records and correspondence released by the National Security Agency in 2015. This book looks at two such claims pursued by Afro-Colombians in the 1990s and investigates how territory serves to connect and disconnect citizen and state in the context of today's changing state authority, legitimacy, and institutions. Its target were left wing political dissidents, the organised labour and intellectuals. It took a long time for Chile to deal with its former dictatorship. In October 1991, Eugenio Berríos, a chemist who had worked with DINA agent Michael Townley, was escorted from Chile to Uruguay by Operation Condor agents in order to avoid testifying in the Letelier case. About the series: Counterblasts is a new Verso series that aims to revive the tradition of polemical writing inaugurated by Puritan and leveller pamphleteers in the seventeenth century, when in the words of one of them, Gerard Winstanley, ... ]Recounting his 7 day tour to Crypto A.G., Friedman outlines the issues discussed with Hagelin. Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda (Spanish: [alˈfɾeðo estɾozˈneɾ]; 3 November 1912 – 16 August 2006) was a Paraguayan army officer and politician who served as President of Paraguay from 15 August 1954 to 3 February 1989.. Stroessner led a coup d'état on 4 May 1954 with the support of the army and the Colorado Party, with which he was affiliated.. After a brief provisional government … The civic-military dictatorship of Argentina existed from 1976 to 1983 by the military juntas under Operation Condor. Exile was a theme that would dominate his life. Read more: Ex-Ford executives on trial for aiding 1970s dictatorship torture. Washington D.C., February 11, 2020 - The U.S. intelligence community actively monitored for decades the diplomatic and military communications of numerous Latin American nations through encryption machines supplied by a Swiss company that was secretly owned by the CIA and the German intelligence agency, BND, according to reports today by the German public television channel, ZDF and the Washington Post. Before the major revelations in the Washington Post and ZDF today, some of the clandestine history of U.S. intelligence ties to Crypto AG had leaked out in pieces over the past 40 years. Spearheaded by Chile's dreaded DINA secret police under the dictator Augusto Pinochet, and with the covert blessing of Washington, the objective was clear. The opponents of his dictatorship mobilized all available forces. Operation Condor was the name given to a secret union of intelligence services of six US-supported, South American military governments- Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay, which operated during the 1970s into the early 1980s. of Operation Condor. It was a secret terror campaign that began in South America in the 1970’s and led to disappearances, torture and a long killing spree. After having nationalized companies and dispossessed great land owners, his government faced massive opposition. Your opinion can help us make it better. mint press news According to the internal histories cited by the Post and ZDF, the clandestine intelligence gathering operation was initially codenamed “Thesaurus,” and later changed to “Rubicon.”  The code-name for Crypto AG was “Minerva.”. This CIA cable summarizes that “All countries belonging to the Condor organization maintain communications … the cipher system employed by Condor is a manual machine system of Swiss origin given to all Condor countries by the Brazilians and bearing the designation CX52. Effectively, Washington's tacit approval gave the green light to Condor and its web of intelligence agencies in the region to track, monitor and share information on subversive activities with their cross-border intelligence partners. A recent initiative attempts to bring former Operation Condor members to justice and question Kissinger about his role in the terrorist network. PREDATORY STATES: Operation Condor and Covert War in Latin America.News Article: Bolsonaro é o primeiro presidente a admitir a existencia da Operação Condor. Operation Condor. The civic-military dictatorship of Argentina existed from 1976 to 1983 by the military juntas under Operation Condor. Author and university professor Antonio Skarmeta also fled Chile in 1973. After his return to Switzerland, Buehler began speaking to the press, along with another former Crypto AG engineer who suspected the company was controlled by Western intelligence agencies. There are long technical  descriptions of the most recent models and of the prospective customer countries based on the machines’ relative strengths. 25 Nov 1975 Operation Condor . Marked Top Secret, it is an invitation from the head of the Chilean secret police to his Paraguayan counterpart to attend the founding meeting of Operation Condor in Santiago on 25 November 1975. He governed Chile from 1973 until 1990 in a dictatorial style. Italy’s Justice Minister has signed an extradition petition related to three retired Chilean military members who are convicted for the disappearance of two … Chile's secret police, the DINA, has been found responsible for carrying out multiple human rights violations, including killings, rape, torture and kidnappings under the country's 1973-90 dictatorship. Weaving Impunity for Dictatorship Crimes in Chile. On December 27, Italian judges released the legal grounds behind a judgment in the Operation Condor trial that made history last July. Furthermore, operatives succeeded in assassinating former Chilean minister, Orlando Letelier, in broad daylight in Washington DC. They all needed to share two bathrooms, while bored soldiers shot at the windows. It was an early "war on terror" initially encouraged by the CIA which later backfired on the United States. First: Operation Condor is not simply the same thing as the Latin American dictatorships of the 1970s and 1980s, even though they were closely interrelated. Operation Condor was devised by Latin American military dictatorships of the 1970s and 1980s to eliminate leftwing activists and political opponents who had … Operation Condor: The responsibility of the middle rank. Attempts to bring Pinochet to justice were obstructed for many years as laws passed by Pinochet in 1978 and a special law protecting "ex-presidents" in 2000 gave special immunity to former heads-of-state under Chilean law. Condor soon became a network of Military Dictatorships, supported by the US State Department, the CIA and Interpol. After being told of the existence of Condor by the CIA in mid-1976, Kissinger initially ordered U.S. ambassadors in Chile, Argentina, Uruguay and other countries involved in … It was called Operation Condor, after the broad-winged vulture that soars above the Andes, and it joined eight South American military dictatorships – Argentina, Chile, … Operation Condor Timeline. Following the coup he was imprisoned by Pinochet and tortured for over a year, finally being released due to mounting international pressure. In particular, the CIA has heavily redacted communications that point to the involvement the agency or at the very least the CIA's knowledge of the crimes against humanity carried out in Operation Condor. Walter Ramirez, cameraman for DW's "After the Escape" feature, was also arrested. On this photo from March 2017, people demonstrate against the AFP pension system, which was privatized during the Pinochet era and still excludes many people from obtaining a pension. In 1990, Pinochet handed over power to Christian Democrat Patricio Aylwin (right). Condor represented a striking new level of coordinated repression among the anticommunist militaries in the region, and its existence was suspected, but undocumented, until fairly recently. In other words, he was hinting to me that this rehabilitation would make it possible for him to supply certain customers with a model almost like the M-209. These are special teams used to carry out [the] killing of enemies.” Jack Anderson offered a glimpse of “Operation Condor, An Unholy Alliance” on August 3, 1979: “Assassination teams are centered in Chile. Letelier was the former Defense Minister in the Allende government before the coup and was leaving in exile in Washington. Found insideThis book analyzes the relationship between art and politics in two contrasting modern dictatorships. Paredes, Alejandro. US-backed regimes conspired to hunt down, kidnap and kill political opponents across South America and beyond. https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/manuel-contreras-pinochet-confidant-convicted-for-crimes-against-humanity-dead-1.3184143 The 'Colonia Dignidad' community is known to have collaborated with Pinochet's regime. From: Columbia University | By: John Dinges. In 1975, six South American military dictatorships conspired to concoct a secret plan to eliminate their left-wing opponents. Freedom of opinion ceased to exist. https://theintercept.com/2016/09/21/the-assassination-of-orlando-letelier-and-the-politics-of-silence/, role of the USG and CIA in Chile's 1973 military coup, https://vault.fbi.gov/argentina-declassification-project/operation-condor-part-01-of-01/view, https://www.intel.gov/argentina-declassification-project/records, https://wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/08SANTIAGO1149_a.html, https://wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/1976SANTIA10767_b.html, https://wikileaks.org/plusd/cables/1978STATE096843_d.html, https://consortiumnews.com/2011/10/14/the-tale-of-two-assassination-plots/, https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/manuel-contreras-pinochet-confidant-convicted-for-crimes-against-humanity-dead-1.3184143, https://cja.org/where-we-work/chile/?list=type&type=196, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/apr/15/operation-condor-european-spies-dictators-cia-documents, https://www.mintpressnews.com/declassified-cia-docs-uk-france-and-west-germany-wanted-to-bring-operation-condor-to-europe/257541/, https://theintercept.com/2016/09/21/the-assassination-of-orlando-letelier-and-the-politics-of-silence/. 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